Dog Yeast Infection Ear

dog ear yeast infection hanly vet official website

Yeast infections in dogs’ ears, also known as yeast otitis externa, are a common ailment, often causing significant discomfort. The culprit is typically *Malassezia pachydermatis*, a type of yeast that normally lives on the surface of a dog’s skin and in their ears in small numbers. Problems arise when the yeast overgrows, leading to infection. Several factors can contribute to the overgrowth of yeast in a dog’s ear. Allergies, both food and environmental, are major players. Allergies can disrupt the ear’s natural defenses, creating a moist and inflamed environment ideal for yeast proliferation. Breeds with floppy ears, such as Basset Hounds and Cocker Spaniels, are particularly susceptible because their ear canals tend to be less well-ventilated. Other predisposing factors include excessive ear wax, foreign bodies in the ear canal, underlying skin conditions, hormonal imbalances (like hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease), and weakened immune systems. Even excessive cleaning can strip the ear canal of its protective oils, paradoxically making it more vulnerable. The symptoms of a yeast ear infection are usually quite noticeable. You might observe your dog scratching excessively at the affected ear, shaking their head frequently, or rubbing their ear against furniture or the floor. The ear may appear red and inflamed, and you might detect an unpleasant, musty odor. A discharge, often brown or black in color, is also common. In chronic or severe cases, the ear can become thickened, and the dog may exhibit pain when the ear is touched. If left untreated, a yeast infection can lead to secondary bacterial infections and even damage to the ear drum. Diagnosis typically involves a veterinary examination. The vet will use an otoscope to visualize the ear canal and assess the extent of the inflammation and discharge. A sample of the ear discharge will be collected and examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of yeast organisms. This microscopic examination helps differentiate yeast infections from bacterial infections or other ear problems, like ear mites. In some cases, the vet may also recommend allergy testing or other diagnostic tests to identify underlying causes contributing to recurring infections. Treatment usually involves a two-pronged approach: cleaning the ear and applying antifungal medication. The vet will often clean the ear thoroughly to remove debris and excess wax, allowing the medication to reach the affected areas. Avoid using cotton swabs deeply within the ear canal, as this can push debris further in and potentially damage the eardrum. Your vet may recommend a specific ear cleaning solution to use at home. Following cleaning, an antifungal medication, usually in the form of ear drops, is applied directly into the ear canal. Common antifungal ingredients include miconazole, clotrimazole, and nystatin. The medication needs to be administered as directed by the veterinarian, typically once or twice daily for a period of several weeks. It’s crucial to complete the full course of treatment, even if the symptoms improve, to ensure that the yeast infection is completely eradicated. Addressing the underlying cause is also essential for preventing recurrence. If allergies are suspected, your vet may recommend dietary changes, allergy medications, or immunotherapy. For dogs with floppy ears, regular ear cleaning and careful drying after bathing or swimming can help maintain a healthy ear environment. By identifying and managing predisposing factors, you can significantly reduce the risk of future yeast infections and keep your canine companion comfortable.

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