The names can be confusing, but the Old English Bulldog and the English Bulldog are distinct breeds, separated by history and temperament. Understanding their differences is crucial if you’re considering welcoming either into your home.
The Old English Bulldog is, essentially, a *reconstructed* breed. The original bulldog of centuries past, bred for bull-baiting, was much more athletic and aggressive than the modern English Bulldog. As bloodsports were outlawed, that original bulldog’s utility diminished. Breeders, seeking a gentler companion, selectively bred for shorter faces, heavier builds, and docile temperaments, ultimately creating what we know today as the English Bulldog. The original, athletic bulldog essentially went extinct.
However, in the 1970s, breeders began efforts to recreate a dog resembling the historical bulldog. This led to the emergence of various “Old English Bulldog” lines, often utilizing breeds like the American Bulldog, American Pit Bull Terrier, and English Bulldog (among others) in their development. Because these dogs were recreated from multiple breeds, rather than solely evolving from the original stock, “Old English Bulldog” doesn’t represent one monolithic breed. Different breeders have focused on different aspects of the historical bulldog, leading to variations in appearance and temperament.
Appearance: The most striking difference is in their build. The English Bulldog is known for its low-slung, thick body, short legs, pushed-in face (brachycephaly), and loose skin folds. They typically weigh between 40-50 pounds and stand about 12-16 inches tall. Old English Bulldogs, on the other hand, are generally taller and more muscular, with longer muzzles and fewer wrinkles. They tend to be more athletic and agile, weighing between 50-80 pounds and standing 17-20 inches tall.
Health: The English Bulldog’s extreme brachycephaly leads to significant health problems, including breathing difficulties (brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome or BOAS), overheating, skin infections in their folds, and difficulty giving birth. Their body structure can also predispose them to hip dysplasia and other joint issues. Old English Bulldogs, with their longer muzzles and more athletic builds, generally experience fewer health problems, though responsible breeders still screen for genetic predispositions to certain conditions.
Temperament: While both breeds can be affectionate and loyal, their temperaments differ. English Bulldogs are known for their laid-back, even lazy, demeanor. They’re generally good with children and other pets, though early socialization is always important. Old English Bulldogs tend to be more energetic and active, requiring more exercise and mental stimulation. They can be good family dogs, but their higher energy levels mean they may need more structured training and socialization to prevent behavioral issues. Their recreated nature also means temperament can vary more significantly between different Old English Bulldog lines.
In conclusion: The English Bulldog is a distinctive, relatively low-energy companion breed, prone to health issues due to its physical structure. The Old English Bulldog is a *reconstructed* breed, aiming to resemble the historical bulldog in athleticism and functionality, generally healthier but more energetic and requiring more involved training. Choosing between them depends on your lifestyle, your ability to manage potential health concerns, and your commitment to training and socialization.
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