Recognizing Cushing’s: Early Symptoms to Watch For in Senior Dogs
Cushing’s disease, also known as hyperadrenocorticism, is a common endocrine disorder in senior dogs, typically affecting those over six years old. It occurs when the adrenal glands produce excessive cortisol, a hormone crucial for regulating various bodily functions. Early detection is vital, as early intervention can significantly improve a dog’s quality of life. However, the symptoms can be subtle and easily mistaken for normal aging, making recognition challenging for pet owners.
Increased Thirst and Urination
One of the earliest and most noticeable signs is polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyuria (increased urination). Your dog might be drinking far more water than usual and needing to go outside much more frequently, even during the night, leading to accidents in the house. This is due to cortisol interfering with the kidneys’ ability to concentrate urine.
Increased Appetite
Another common early symptom is polyphagia, or an increased appetite. Your dog may seem constantly hungry, begging for food even after meals. This ravenous appetite is also linked to the hormonal imbalance caused by excessive cortisol.
Pot-Bellied Appearance
As Cushing’s progresses, many dogs develop a characteristic pot-bellied appearance. This occurs because cortisol causes a redistribution of fat to the abdomen and also weakens abdominal muscles. While not always present in the early stages, any noticeable change in abdominal size warrants veterinary attention.
Hair Loss and Skin Changes
Skin changes are another common indicator. Early on, you might notice thinning hair, particularly on the trunk of the body (sides and back). The skin may also become thin, fragile, and prone to bruising. Some dogs develop symmetrical hair loss, meaning it affects both sides of the body equally. Dark pigmentation (hyperpigmentation) of the skin can also occur.
Lethargy and Muscle Weakness
While senior dogs naturally slow down, Cushing’s disease can exacerbate lethargy and muscle weakness. Your dog may become less enthusiastic about walks, tire easily, and seem generally less energetic than before. Muscle weakness, particularly in the hind legs, can make it difficult to climb stairs or jump.
Other Potential Signs
Less frequent, but still possible early signs include increased panting, even when not overheated or exercised, and the development of calcinosis cutis (calcium deposits in the skin). Recurring skin infections can also be a clue, as the elevated cortisol weakens the immune system.
What to Do
If you observe any of these symptoms in your senior dog, it is crucial to consult your veterinarian. Early diagnosis, through blood and urine tests, and appropriate treatment can help manage Cushing’s disease and significantly improve your dog’s quality of life. While there is no cure, medications can effectively control cortisol production and alleviate symptoms, allowing your beloved companion to live a happier and more comfortable life.
Leave a Reply